Solid waste separating method and classification of material

ABSTRACT

A method for separating solid waste material into identifiable classifications by recycling the solid waste material obtained from industrial or domestic source through a number of devices which reduces the solid waste material to a uniform workable particle size; separating the presized particles by weight, size and magnetic properties; transferring the classified material to a number of disposal areas wherein the materials such as heavy paper material may be baled, the light paper and plastic may be pelletized for use as fuel, the metal and glass shipped to reprocessing plants, and the remainder of the solid waste material may be disposed of by land fill or incineration. The invention further relates to an anti-pollution method for solid waste material which conserves the virgin natural resources by reclaiming useful material and minimizing areas needed for land filling, and reduces the solid waste management problem.

United States Patent 11 1 Law et al.

1451 Feb. 5, 1974 SOLID WASTE SEPARATING METHOD [54] 3,635,409 1/l972Brewer 24l/43 AND CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIAL Primary Examiner-GranvilleY. Custer, Jr. [75] Inventors Edward Fort Wayne Attorney, Agent, orFirmAlbert L. Jeffers; Roger M.

James H. Moore, Dallas, Tex. Ricken [73] Assignee: National RecyclingInc., Fort Wayne, Ind. [57] ABSTRACT [22] Filed: June 7, 1971 A methodfor separating solid waste material into identifiable classifications byrecycling the solid waste [21] Appl l50671 material obtained fromindustrial or domestic source through a number of devices whichreducesthe solid [52] US Cl 241/24, 241/27, 241/68, waste material to auniform workable particle size; 241 /79, 44/10 R, 44/25, 100/39, 100/91separating the presized particles by weight, size and [51] Int.Cl.......- B02c 18/40 magnetic properties; transferring the classifiedmate- [58] Field of Search.... .241/24, 25, 27, 68, 79, 79.2, rial to anumber of disposal areas wherein the materi- 241/101 R; 44/10 R, 25, lR; 100/39, 91, 95, als such as heavy paper material may be baled, the96, 97 light paper and plastic may be pelletized for use as fuel, themetal and glass shipped to reprocessing [56] References Cited' plants,and the remainder of the solid waste material UNITED STATES PATENTS maybe disposed of by land fill or incineration. 3,477,649 11/1969 Dalberget a1. 241/24 invention urth at s to an anti-pollution 3,636,864 1/1972Loscialo 100/97 X method forsolid waste material which conserves the3,506,414 4/1970 Skendrovic 44/ 10 R X virgin natural resources byreclaiming useful material 3,159,353. 12/1964 Atwater 241/39 and areasneeded for and 3,524,594 8/ l970 Anderson et al. 241/24 X reduces thesolid waste management problem. 3,557,685 l/l97l Schroer1ng.... 241/24 X3,604,179 9/1971 Lund 241/24 X 16 Claims, 10 Drawing Figures I 54 11512120115 METAL A 70 ASP1Q r012 06 104 CvcLoNE AsPm roR 68 74 I vPLAsuc+PA PRE-SlZEQ) 4 SCREEN ASPlRAT R SEPARAT'OR I I t Tm- 15 IO 48Perms w MAGNETIC. 5O M42335 SEPARATQR 513 C i I ZCS NON-FERQOU N OAL 1QEcovERY METALS- STAT'ON Apt-125w;

I Comma OELLmzER v PATENIED FEB 5 I974 SHEET 5 BF 6 ]Nv-EN TORS EDWAQDLAW PATENIEU 3.790.091

sum 5 HF 6 INVENTORS EDWARD LAW JAMES H. MOOQE QrnEx/S i 1 1 SOLID WASTESEPARATING METHOD AND CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIAL BACKGROUND OF THEINVENTION The present invention relates to a recycling method for solidwaste material obtained from domestic and commercial sources whereincertain materials, such as paper, glass and metal are separated andreturned to reprocessing plants, which permits the conservation ofvirgin natural resources and minimizes the area needed for land fillingoperations, and reduces the solid waste management problems. I

Many types of devices have been suggested for reclaiming usefulmaterials, but none were found having the ability to return 70 percentor more of all recoverable materials which may be recycled back into theeconomy by way of reprocessing plants at a minimim cost. For example,Dalberg U.S. Pat. No. 3,477,649 dated Nov. 11, 1969, is the closestprior art found to the present invention for separating solid wastematerial.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION which reduces the solid waste material to a uniformworkable particle size and separates the particle size solid materialsby weight, size and magnetic properties so that they may be classifiedin categories for shipping to reprocessing plants, or utilized in makingpellets for fuel, with the remaining solid waste material which cannotbe utilized being disposed of by land fill operation or by incineration.

The solid waste material is transferred from thepit or slab to apresizer which shreds to solid waste material to a small workable sizeof approximately 4X 5 inches, which .is no larger than the size of amans hand.

The presizer shreds the solid waste material, as opposed to cutting, sothat its edges are flared rather than being smooth, wherein the largerthe flareand the larger the edges of the material, in particular withreference to paper, permits the transferring air to utilize a largersurface area on which to act in the separating method pertaining to thisinvention. In addition, the flared edges permit visual classification oridentification of the solid waste material, particularly the paper, byan individual so that the reclaimed material can be shipped to theproper reprocessing plant.

On the underside of the presizer'a vibrating conveyor is positioned toreceive the shredded solid waste material. The vibrating conveyorspreads the particles as it transfers the particles through an aspiratorwhich removes very light paper, such as kleenex and carbon paper, alongwith plastics, and transfers such light objects by air to a cyclonewhich serves to release the air to the atmosphere. The remaining solidwaste material is transferred underneath an electromagnetic conveyorwhich removes the ferrous material and thereafter releases the ferrousmaterial onto another conveyor, which passes through an aspirator forremoving small particles of paper or other debris which may haveattached itself to the ferrous material. The ferrous mate- 2 rial isthen placed in a-tote box for storage, or may be placed in a truck to beshipped to a reprocessing plant.

The remaining solid material is then conveyed to a vibrating screenerwhich separates the material by particle size. The vertical screener canbe used for glass separation, in which event the glass is transferred toa conveyor which transfers the glass to a disposable area for shipmentto a reprocessing plant. The remainder of the solid material istransferred to a conveyor which may be monitored by an individual forremoving such articles as copper and brass. The vibrator screener isalso provided with an aspirator for. removing the lighter materials,including paper and plastic, which has not previously been removed, andtransfers such light articles by air to a cyclone which is vented to theatmosphere for releasing the air so that the solids may fall by gravityto a rotary screener which functions to separate the heavy solids byparticle size, wherein the heavier solids are transferred by analternate conveyor to a disposal area for transfer to land fill. Thelighter solids, which are primarily plastic and paper, are transferredto a plastic and paper separator which transfers the separated productsto two different cyclones. The heavier solids are usually re-useablepaper which may be baled and shipped to a paper reprocessing plant. Thelighter materials, being primarily plastic and light paper, arepelletized'for use as fuel.

With the foregoing in mind, a particular object of the present'inventionis the provision of a method for separating solid waste material intoidentifiable classifications by recycling the solid waste materialthrough a number of devices which reduces the solid waste material to auniform workable particle size, and separates the reduced particle sizeby weight, size and magnetic sion of a method of classifying therecycled solid waste material so that certain materials may bepelletized for use as fuel, while other products may be classified foruse in paper reprocessing plants, and other classified material, such asmetal, may be identified to be shipped to metal reprocessing plants,with the remainder beng disposed of by land fill-or incineration.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of amethod of operating a solid waste material recycling plant which issubstantially fully automated, and which recycles the solid wastematerial at a minimum cost.

It is also an object to provide a method of separating solid wastematerial into identifiable classifications by utilizing mechanicaldevices in combination with controlled air aspirators, and. airtransferring ducts.

These and otherlobjects and advantages of the present invention willbecome more apparent upon reference to the following detailedspecification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings inwhich:

FIG. I is a schematic diagram of a solid waste material system embodyingthe invention;

FIGS. 2a and 2b are a pictorial schematic representation of the solidwaste material system combining the FIG. 5 is a perspective view, partlybroken away, of the rotary screener;

FIG. 6 is aperspective view, partly broken away, of the air cyclone;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view, with parts broken away, of the paper andplastic separator;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the shredded paper; and

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a pellet which has been compressed bythe pelletizer.

Referring to FIG. l, the solid waste recycling process is illustrated inschematic form wherein the endless conveyor 10 transfers the solid wastematerial from a pit, or solid concrete slab (not shown), to a presizer12 which functions to reduce the solid waste material to a uniform sizeso that it-can be further classified in the later stages of therecycling process. After passing through the presizer 12, the solidwaste material falls onto a vibrating conveyor 46 which transfers thesolid waste material to an endless conveyor 48. An aspirator hood 50 isdisposed above the vibrating conveyor 46 to remove light material, suchas thin paper, kleenex and light plastic, for transfer through ducts 54and 60 directly to the cyclone 58.

The endless conveyor 48 passes under a crossbelt or in-lineelectromagnetic separator 64 having enough gauss force to remove themagnetic material from the other solid waste material. The magneticmaterial is released at a predetermined point and is transferred to anendless conveyor, 68 which passes beneath an aspirator 70 which removesany paper or other light material which may have attached itself to themagnetic material, and transfers such material through a duct 74 to avibrating screener 78. The solid material remaining on the conveyor 48is transferred to the vibrating screener 78, which separates the solidwaste material by particle size and transfers the solid particles to aconveyor 90 which conveyor may be monitored by a personto removenon-ferrous metals such as copper, brass and aluminum. The remainingmaterial on the conveyor 90 is then transferred to a land fill, or to anincinerator.

The screener 78 is provided with an aspirator 77 for removing plasticand paper material, .and transfers the material through a duct 104 to acyclone 106. From the cyclone 106 the material is transferred to arotary screener 114 having a rotating tumbler which separates the dirtand glass, and other fine solid materials which are discharged by arotary screw conveyor 120 to land fill. The paper and plastic aredischarged from the rotary screener to a plastic separator 128 whichseparates the plastic and light paper from the heavy paper. The lightpaper and plastic are transferred through duct 140 to the cyclone 58,and the heavy paper is transferred through duct 142 to the cyclone 144.From the cyclone 58 the light paper and plastic is transferred to amixer for the addition of fine coal thereto. If desired, an adhesive maybe added to the mixer for coating the material and thereafter passesthrough a drier to dry the coating and set the adhesive with respect tothe material. Thereafter the material is passed through a pelletizer forcompacting the material to increase the density of the material so thatit may be used as fuel. The pellets may be stored, or fed directly intoa power generator plant. In the event the pelletized material is feddirectly into a power generating plant it is not necessary to add theadhesive coating, which is added primarily to prevent the deteriorationof the pellets. Such a coating will classified in different categoriesand may be used for the production of plaster board, roofing, and othervarious products in accordance with its particular classification.

Referring now to FIGS. 2a through 9, a more detailed description of theconstruction and operation of the recycling process is illustrated.Referring particularly to FIGS. 1, 2a and 3, the presizer 12 receivesthe solid waste material 11 from the conveyor 10, through a hopper 13. Acatwalk 15 is disposed around the presizer 12 to provide means forvisual inspection of the presizer 12. The presizer functions to reducethe solid waste material to a uniform size so that it can be furtherclassified in later stages of the recycling process. The presizer 12 isdesignedto shred or tear the paper 21 so that its edges 23 are flared,rather than being cut (FIG.

8), wherein the larger the flare and the larger the edges indicate thatthe paper consists primarily of commercial corrugated paper. Suchclassification determines whether or not the paper is sent to areprocessing plant for making roofing, wall board, or other commercialproducts. r 1

The paper is reduced to a rectangular size of approximately 4 inches by5, inches which size has been determined to be the most feasible to workwith in the recycling process. The presizer 12, shown in detail in FIG.3, is adapted to be operated in reverse direction, as indicated by thearrows 44, and must be reversed intermittently during the operation ofthe process in order to assure the sharpness of the hammers 16. Afterboth sides of the hammer become dull it is reworked or re placed. Thehammers l6 reduce the solid waste material to a workable size by forcingthe solid waste material through the openings between the grates 14. Thehammers 16 are adapted to be repositioned on the rotor 24 by removingtheshafts 28 and repositioning them in the holes 26 which holes are on asmaller radius than the holes 28 so that a larger space is providedbeopening 40 into the presizer 12, as illustrated by the arrows 41. Thehammers 16, which are pivotally mounted on the shaft 28, cooperate withthe breaker bars 34 to reduce the size of the solid waste material sothat the material to spiral downwardly as indicated by the arrows 57 and145. From the cyclone 144 (FIG. 2a), the paper is transferred throughduct 146 to a baler 148 for compacting or packaging the paper into bales152, which bales are directed to a storage area by a conveyor 150. Ithas been found that bales having a weight of approximately 1,500 poundscan be utilized by reprocessing plants and can be loaded satisfactorilyon semi-trailer trucks.

The light plastic and paper from the cyclone 58 falls downwardly througha duct 161, into a diverter 163 having a gate valve 165 for divertingthe material to a hopper 156, or to a conveyor 167, at the selection ofthe operator. if the material is to be shipped to land fill the divertergate 165 is positioned to divert the material to the conveyor 167 whichdeposits the material into a tote box or other means of transportationfor shipment to a land fill. When the diverter gate is positioned todirect the material into the hopper 156 it is fed by a screw conveyor toa pelletizer 154 which compresses the plastic and paper material tocompact its density so that it may be used as fuel. The pelletizer 154forms the plastic and paper material into pellets 153 (FIG. 9), whichare discharged through a conveyor l60 to a tote box or other means oftransportation for conveying the pellets to a storage area, or to apower generator.

If desired, a mixture of fine coal can be added to the pelletizedmaterial to provide additional BTUS. In the event the pellets are to bestored outdoors, it has been found desirable to coat the pellets with anadhesive such as lignin to protect the pellets from moisture, and torender the pellets pathogenic free. After the pellets have been coatedwith adhesive they may be passed through a drier which will set theadhesive. In the event the pellets are fed directly to a powergenerator, or used within a relatively short period of time, it has beenfound that it is not necessary to add the adhesive coating and,therefore, unnecessary to pass the pellets through a drier.

It will thus be seen that our invention provides an improved method forseparating solid waste material into identifiable classifications byrecycling the solid waste material through a number of devices whichreduces the solid waste material to a uniform workableparticle size and,thereafter separating the particles by weight, size and magneticproperties. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate thatmodifications may be made to the process in accordance with ourinvention. For example, the hopper 156 and pelletizer 154 may be locatedso that the diverter 163 can, when appropriate, direct the material ontothe conveyor 90 and thus eliminate the conveyor 167. In some cases itmay be desirable to locate the solid waste separating plant at a papermill, in which event it would not 'be necessary to bale the paper whichcould be fed directly to the reprocessing plant. Also the recyclingprocess may be used with, or without, the conveyor 89. If it is desiredto recover glass during the operation of the process, the conveyor 89 isdisposed under the opening 88 in the screener 78. If it is desired notto recover the glass,'the conveyor 89 is removed and the glass or otherfine particles are dropped directly onto the conveyor 90, Therefore,while our invention has been described with reference to a particularrecycling process, it is to be understood that modifications may be madewithout departing from the spirit of our invention.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States is:

l. The method of separating solid waste material including paper andplastic into identifiable classifications which comprises:

a. passing the solid waste material through a presizer for reducing thesolid waste material to a substantial uniform workable particle size,

b. conveying the uniform workable particle size waste material under anaspirator to separate by weight part of the light solids including lightpaper and light plastic from the heavy solids including heavy paper andheavy plastic,

c. transferring by air the light solids including light paper and lightplastic removed by the aspirator to a first cyclone,

d. conveying the heavy solids including the remaining light solids toavibrating screener for separating the heavy solids by particle size andseparating the remaining light solids from the heavy solids,

e. passing the light solids including the heavier paper and heavierplastic solids through a rotary screener, and

f. separating the remaining light paper from the remaining heavierplastic solids and transferring. the remaining light paper to the firstcyclone and transferring the remaining heavier plastic solids to asecond cyclone.

2. The method of separating solid waste material into identifiableclassifications which comprises:

a. passing the solid waste material including paper and plastic througha presizer for reducing the solid waste material to a substantialuniform workable particle size; 7

b. conveying the uniform workable particle size waste material under-anaspirator to separate by LII through a pelletizer to compact the paperand increasethe density thereof. 1 3. The method of separating solidwaste material as set forth in claim 2 wherein the presizer reduces thepaper by shredding so that the frayed edges of the torn paper can beused for visualclassification of the grade of paper being processed.

4. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim 3wherein the paper is shredded in a maximum uniform size of approximately5 inches by 4 inches for separating the paper from the other solidmaterial.

5. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim 2wherein the reduced waste material falls from the presizer onto avibrating conveyor for distributing the reduced waste material in auniform manner onto an endless belt conveyor.

6. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim 2including the step of passing the reduced solid waste'material under anelectromagnetic and releasing the ferrous material from theelectromagnetic conveyor at a predetermined point so that the fere. andpassing the light paper and plasticmaterial conveyor for removing theferrous material therefrom I reduced material can be transferred intothe effective reduction area 42. As the solid waste material progressesdownwardly, the hammers 16 will force the solid waste material throughthe gates 14 which are spaced in a manner to presize the paper and othersolid materials to a uniform workable size for the subsequent steps inthe recycling process. To reverse the operation of the presizer 12 theleads on the electric drive motor are reversed so that the rotor 24 willrotate in the direction indicated by the arrows 44.

The presized solid waste material, after passing through the grates l4,falls onto a vibrating conveyor 46. The vibrating conveyor 46 functionsto spread or even out the distribution of the solid waste material andtransfers the solid waste material to an endless belt conveyor 48.

Referring to FIG. 2a, an aspirator hood 50 is disposed above thevibrating conveyor 46 and is connected to a blower 52 through a duct 54.The blower 52 utilizes the opening 40 of the presizer 12 as an inlet topull air through the presizer l2 and the aspirator'50. A flapper valve56 is disposed in the conduit 54 for adjusting or controlling the amountof air flow therethrough. The inlet air is preadjusted so that verylight paper and plastic can be removed from the vibrating conveyor 46and transferred to a fuel cyclone 58 through duct 54 and duct 60. Inthis step of the recycling process the blower 52 removes primarilyplastic material which is usually lighter in weight than paper. However,paper having substantially the same weight as plastic, such askleenexes, will also be removed from the vibrating conveyor 46.

The endless conveyor 48 receives the remaining solid material from thevibrating conveyor 46 and serves to move the solid waste material fromthe presizer 12 to a cross-vibrating conveyor 62, which serves tofurther distribute or even out the solid waste material for furthertreatment in the recycling process. The conveyor 48 is provided with anadjustable tensioning roll 49 for maintaining the proper tension on theconveyor belt.

An electromagnetic cross-conveyor 64, driven by an electric motor 66, isdisposed above the conveyor 48 for removing the ferrousmaterialtherefrom. The magnetic conveyor 64 is designed to release theferrous material as it reaches a predetermined point adjacent the motor66 so that the ferrous material will fall onto a vibrating conveyor 68which functions to spread or even out the flow of the ferrous materialdropped thereon so that when it passes under aspirator 70 any unwantedmaterial, which may have attached itself to the ferrous material, isremoved. A blower 72 is connected to the aspirator by duct 74, and to avibrating screener 78 by a duct 76. The clean ferrous material isdischarged from the conveyor 68 into a tote box or other means oftransportation (not shown) for conveyance to a reprocessing plant.

The non-ferrous material, which is conveyed past the magnetic separator64 on the conveyor 48 and vibrating conveyor 42, is discharged into thescreenerseparator 78 through the hopper 80. Referring to FIG. 4, thenon-ferrous materials are discharged from the hopper 80 onto a vibratingscreen 82 having openings 84 to permit passage of small particlestherethrough. The particles passing through the openings 84, fall upon avibrating deck 86, which transfers the particles out through an opening88 onto a conveyor 89, which transfers the small particles to a tote boxor other means of transportation to a reclaiming plant. Usually thesmall particles are glass, and in the event the solid waste materialcontains no glass, the conveyor 89 may be removed and the smallparticles which fall through the openings 84 onto the vibrating deck 86pass out through the opening 88 onto a slat conveyor 90 along the inneredge thereof, which conveyor transfers the small particles to a truck,railroad car, or other means of transportation to a land fill. Thelarger fractional particles, which are too large to pass through theopenings 84, are transferred through outlet 94 onto the outer portion ofthe conveyor 90. It has been found profitable to monitor the conveyor 90for the removal of valuable material, such as aluminum, copper andbrass, which is placed in a tote box 92 for shipment to a smelter. Thedouble-deck screener 78 functions to separate the solid waste materialinto two fractions, namely, one large and one small. The glass, usuallybeing a smaller particle, will pass through the openings 84 onto thevibrating plate 86 and out the opening 88.

As illustrated in FIGS. 2b and 4, a blower 96 provides air to a duct 98for passing the air over the vibrating deck 86, up through the openings84 into a hood 77 which is disposed above the outlet end of the screener78, and then through a duct 104 to a cyclone 106. A flap valve 108 isprovided in the line 104 to adjust or regulate the velocity of airpassing through the duct 104. The velocity of air is such that particlesof paper, including small particles of plastic, will be transferredthrough the hood 77, duct 104, to cyclone 106. It should be noted thatthe duct 104 is disposed in a tangential relationship with the cyclone106 to give a whirling effect to the air as it enters the cyclone 106Upon entering the cyclone, the air will expand thus changing itsvelocity due to the cyclones enlarged diameter, whereby the air willescape through a vent 109 as indicated by the arrows 110, illustrated inFIG. 6. The cyclones 106, 144 and 58 operate on the same principle andfunction as an airrelease to permit the small particles of paper andplastic, indicated by the reference numeral 11 l, to float downwardly ina spiral manner as indicated by the arrows 1 13. Since all the cyclonesoperate in the same manner, only one has been described in detail. Fromthe cyclone 106 the small particles of paper-and plastic falls into theduct 112 which discharges into a rotary screen l14 (FIG. 2b and FIG. 5)having therein a rotating tumbler 116 which separates the fineparticles, such as dirt and glass, and other fine materials which havenot been previously removed. The fine materials are discharged throughduct 118 to a screw conveyor 120 for discharge to a tote box or othermeans of transfer to a land fill. The paper and plastic materials aredischarged through an opening 122 into a plastic and paper separator 128(FIGS. 2b and 7). The plastic separator 128 is provided with anadjustable baffle 129 for directing the air to outlets 131 and 133. Ablower 135 supplies air to the plastic and paper separator 128 through aduct 137. The velocity of the air passing through the plastic separator128 is controlled by the adjustablebaffle 129 and the valves 132 and134, disposed in the ducts and 142 respectively. The plastic and lightpaper passes through opening 131, duct 140 to the cyclone 58, and theheavier paper passes through outlet opening 133, duct 142 to the cyclone144.

The cyclones 58 and 144 release the air through their respective vents109 to the atmosphere, permitting the rous material will be dropped ontoa conveyor for transfer to a salvage area. 7 I

7. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim 2including the step of passing the reduced solid waste material through avibrating screener to remove glass, sand, stones and food particles fromthe reduced solid waste material.

8. The method of separating solid waste material into identifiableclassifications which comprises:

a. passing the solid Waste material through a presizer for shredding thesolid waste material to a small substantially workable particle size,

b. conveying the shredded material through a first aspirator to separateby weight the light solids from the heavy solids,

c. transferring the light solids through a duct by air to a firstcyclone wherein the air is released to the atmosphere,

d. conveying the heavysolids to a vibrating screener for furtherseparation of the solid material by particle size,

e. transferring the light solids separated in the vibrating screener byair through a second aspirator and duct to a second cyclone wherein theair is released to atmosphere,

f. conveying the heavy solids passing from the vibrating screener to adisposal area,

g. transferring the solid waste material from the second cyclone to arotary screener for separating the heavy solids by particle size whereinthe lighter solids are transferred to a plastic and paper separator andthe heavier solids are transferred to a disposal area,

h. transferring the light solids separated by the plastic and paperseparator by airto the first cyclone and transferring the heavier solidsby air to a third cyclone wherein the air is released to the atmosphere,

. passing the light solids from the first cyclone through a pelletizer"to compact the light solids and increase the density thereof, and

j. passing the heavy solids from the third cyclone to a baler to compactthe heavy solids into bales.

9. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim 8including the step of blending fine coal with the pelletized solids forfuel consumption.

10. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim8 including the step of conveying the bales from the baler to a disposalarea forshipment to a paper mill.

1 l. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim8 including the step of passing the solid waste material coming from thepresizer under an electromagnetic conveyor for removing the ferrousmaterial therefrom and conveying the ferrous material through a thirdaspirator for removing light non-ferrous material which may be carriedover by the ferrous material, and transferring the non-ferrous materialto the vibrating screener.

12. The method of separating the solid waste material as set forth inclaim 8 including the step of controlling the air to each cyclone byvalve means disposed in the duct leading to each cyclone.

13. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim8 including th step of transferring the large solid material and smallersolid material to separate locations on a conveyor for transfer to adisposal area.

14. The method of separating solid waste material as 'set forth in claim8 including the step of transferring the larger solid material which isprimarily glass to a disposal area. 7

15. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim8 wherein the heavier solids separated by the rotary screener areremoved by a rotating screw conveyor to a disposal area.

16. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim8 including the steps of blending fine coal with the light solids priorto being pelletized and adding a fine coating of water proofing to thepellets to permit storage of the pellets out of doors.

2. The method of separating solid waste material into identifiableclassifications which comprises: a. passing the solid waste materialincluding paper and plastic through a presizer for reducing the solidwaste material to a substantial uniform workable particle size; b.conveying the uniform workable particle size waste material under anaspirator to separate by weight the light solids from the heavy solids;c. conveyIng the heavy solids to a screener for separating the heavysolids by particle size and removal of dust carried by the heavy solids;d. transferring the light solids to a plastic and paper separator toseparate by weight the plastic material and light paper from the heavypaper material; e. and passing the light paper and plastic materialthrough a pelletizer to compact the paper and increase the densitythereof.
 3. The method of separating solid waste material as set forthin claim 2 wherein the presizer reduces the paper by shredding so thatthe frayed edges of the torn paper can be used for visual classificationof the grade of paper being processed.
 4. The method of separating solidwaste material as set forth in claim 3 wherein the paper is shredded ina maximum uniform size of approximately 5 inches by 4 inches forseparating the paper from the other solid material.
 5. The method ofseparating solid waste material as set forth in claim 2 wherein thereduced waste material falls from the presizer onto a vibrating conveyorfor distributing the reduced waste material in a uniform manner onto anendless belt conveyor.
 6. The method of separating solid waste materialas set forth in claim 2 including the step of passing the reduced solidwaste material under an electromagnetic conveyor for removing theferrous material therefrom and releasing the ferrous material from theelectromagnetic conveyor at a predetermined point so that the ferrousmaterial will be dropped onto a conveyor for transfer to a salvage area.7. The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim 2including the step of passing the reduced solid waste material through avibrating screener to remove glass, sand, stones and food particles fromthe reduced solid waste material.
 8. The method of separating solidwaste material into identifiable classifications which comprises: a.passing the solid waste material through a presizer for shredding thesolid waste material to a small substantially workable particle size, b.conveying the shredded material through a first aspirator to separate byweight the light solids from the heavy solids, c. transferring the lightsolids through a duct by air to a first cyclone wherein the air isreleased to the atmosphere, d. conveying the heavy solids to a vibratingscreener for further separation of the solid material by particle size,e. transferring the light solids separated in the vibrating screener byair through a second aspirator and duct to a second cyclone wherein theair is released to atmosphere, f. conveying the heavy solids passingfrom the vibrating screener to a disposal area, g. transferring thesolid waste material from the second cyclone to a rotary screener forseparating the heavy solids by particle size wherein the lighter solidsare transferred to a plastic and paper separator and the heavier solidsare transferred to a disposal area, h. transferring the light solidsseparated by the plastic and paper separator by air to the first cycloneand transferring the heavier solids by air to a third cyclone whereinthe air is released to the atmosphere, i. passing the light solids fromthe first cyclone through a pelletizer to compact the light solids andincrease the density thereof, and j. passing the heavy solids from thethird cyclone to a baler to compact the heavy solids into bales.
 9. Themethod of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim 8including the step of blending fine coal with the pelletized solids forfuel consumption.
 10. The method of separating solid waste material asset forth in claim 8 including the step of conveying the bales from thebaler to a disposal area for shipment to a paper mill.
 11. The method ofseparating solid waste material as set forth in claim 8 including thestep of passing the solid waste material coming from the presizer underan electromagnetic conveyor for removing the ferrous material theRefromand conveying the ferrous material through a third aspirator forremoving light non-ferrous material which may be carried over by theferrous material, and transferring the non-ferrous material to thevibrating screener.
 12. The method of separating the solid wastematerial as set forth in claim 8 including the step of controlling theair to each cyclone by valve means disposed in the duct leading to eachcyclone.
 13. The method of separating solid waste material as set forthin claim 8 including th step of transferring the large solid materialand smaller solid material to separate locations on a conveyor fortransfer to a disposal area.
 14. The method of separating solid wastematerial as set forth in claim 8 including the step of transferring thelarger solid material which is primarily glass to a disposal area. 15.The method of separating solid waste material as set forth in claim 8wherein the heavier solids separated by the rotary screener are removedby a rotating screw conveyor to a disposal area.
 16. The method ofseparating solid waste material as set forth in claim 8 including thesteps of blending fine coal with the light solids prior to beingpelletized and adding a fine coating of water proofing to the pellets topermit storage of the pellets out of doors.